Free Essays Fetched to You. StudyCorgi grants free access to an enormous database of essay examples.. These samples are intended for high school, college, and university students. Check them out to kickstart your own ideas and improve your writing Aug 31, · The aim of this essay is to consider how gender affects the way the law and society respond to different types of crime and violence. It will argue that gender plays a significant role in dealing with various crimes within the criminal justice system Iowa Research Online | University of Iowa Research
Persuasive essay on gender equality
Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification. In his autobiography he credited his success to a willingness to take risks, work hard, bend rules, be on the constant look out for opportunities, and be dedicated to building business. In many respects, he saw essays on gender stratification as a self-made billionaire, starting from scratch, seizing opportunities, and creating business through his own initiative. The story of Ted Rogers is not exactly a rags to riches one, however.
His grandfather, Albert Rogers, was a director of Imperial Oil Esso and his father, essays on gender stratification, Ted Sr. Ted Rogers Sr. went from there to manufacturing radios, owning a radio station, and acquiring a licence for TV.
However, Ted Sr, essays on gender stratification. died when Ted Jr. was five years old, and the family businesses were sold. Ted seized the opportunity at Upper Canada to make money as essays on gender stratification bookie, taking bets on horse racing from the other students. Then he attended Osgoode Hall Law School, where reportedly his secretary went to classes and took notes for him.
He bought an early FM radio station when he was still in university and started in cable TV in the mids. At that time, just three families, the Rogers, Shaws, and Péladeaus, owned much of the cable service in Canada.
At the other end of the spectrum are the aboriginal gang members in the Saskatchewan Correctional Centre we discussed in Chapter 1 CBC The CBC program noted that 85 percent of the inmates in the prison were of aboriginal descent, half of whom were involved in aboriginal gangs.
Moreover the statistical profile of aboriginal youth in Saskatchewan is grim, with aboriginal people making up the highest number of high school dropouts, domestic abuse victims, drug dependencies, essays on gender stratification, and child poverty backgrounds.
In some respects the aboriginal gang members interviewed were like Ted Rogers in that they were willing to seize opportunities, take risks, bend rules, and apply themselves to their vocations. They too aspired to getting the money that would give them the freedom to make their own lives. How do we make sense of the divergent stories? Canada is supposed to be a country in which individuals can work hard to get ahead.
There are no formal or explicit class, gender, racial, ethnic, geographical, or other boundaries that prevent people from rising to the top. People are free to make choices. But does this adequately explain the difference in life chances that divide the fortunes of the aboriginal youth from those of the Rogers family?
Sociologists use the term social essays on gender stratification to describe the unequal distribution of valued resources, rewards, and positions in a society. Key to the concept is the notion of social differentiation.
Social characteristics—differences, identities, and roles—are used to differentiate people and divide them into different categories, which have implications for social inequality. Social differentiation by itself does not necessarily imply a division of individuals into a hierarchy of rank, privilege, and power, essays on gender stratification.
However, when a social category like class, occupation, gender, or race puts people in a position in which they can claim a greater share of resources or services, then social differentiation becomes the basis of social inequality. The term social stratification refers to an institutionalized system of social inequality.
It refers to a situation in which the divisions and relationships of social inequality have solidified into a system that determines who gets what, when, and why. The people who have more resources represent the essays on gender stratification layer of the social structure of stratification.
Other groups of people, with progressively fewer and fewer resources, represent the lower layers of our society. Social stratification assigns people to socioeconomic strata based on factors like wealth, income, race, education, and essays on gender stratification. The question for sociologists is how systems of stratification come to be formed.
What is the basis of systematic social inequality in society? In Canada, the dominant ideological presumption about social inequality is that everyone has an equal chance at success. This is the belief in equality of opportunitywhich can be contrasted with the ideal of equality of condition. Equality of condition is the situation in which everyone in a society has a similar level of wealth, status, and power.
Although degrees of equality of condition vary markedly in modern societies, it is clear that even the most egalitarian societies today have considerable degrees of inequality of condition.
Equality of opportunity, on the other hand, essays on gender stratification, is the idea that everyone has an equal possibility of becoming successful. It exists when people have the same chance to pursue economic or social rewards. This is often seen as a function of equal access to education, meritocracy where individual merit determines social standingand formal or informal measures to eliminate social discrimination.
His personal narrative is one in which hard work and talent—not inherent privilege, birthright, prejudicial treatment, or societal values—determine social rank. This emphasis on self-effort is based on the belief that people individually control their own social standing, which is a key piece in the idea of equality of opportunity, essays on gender stratification. Most people connect inequalities of wealth, status, and power to the individual characteristics of those who succeed or fail.
The story of the aboriginal gang members, although it is also a story of personal choices, essays on gender stratification, casts that belief into doubt. It is clear that the type of essays on gender stratification available to the aboriginal gang members are of a different range and quality than those available to the Rogers family. Sociologists recognize that social stratification is a society-wide system that makes inequalities apparent.
While there are always inequalities between individuals, sociologists are interested in larger social patterns. Stratification is not about individual inequalities, but about systematic inequalities based on group membership, classes, and the like.
In other words, sociologists are interested in examining the structural conditions of social inequality. The larger question however is how inequality becomes systematically structured in economic, social, and political life. In terms of individual ability, who gets the opportunities to develop their abilities and talents and who does not?
Where does ability or talent come from? As we live in a society that emphasizes the individual—i. Factors that define stratification vary in different societies. It can also be defined by differences in power how many people a person must take orders from versus how many people a person can give orders to and status essays on gender stratification degree of honour or prestige one has in the eyes of others, essays on gender stratification.
Usually the four factors coincide, as in the case of corporate CEOs, like Ted Rogers, at the top of the hierarchy—wealthy, powerful, and prestigious—and the aboriginal offenders at the bottom—poor, powerless, and abject.
Many believe that teaching is a noble profession, so teachers should do their jobs for love of their profession and the good of their students, not for essays on gender stratification. Yet no successful executive or entrepreneur would embrace that attitude in the business world, where profits are valued as a driving force.
Cultural attitudes and beliefs like these support and perpetuate social inequalities. Sociologists distinguish between two types of systems of stratification. Closed systems accommodate little change in social position. They do not allow people to shift levels and do not permit social relations between levels.
Open systems, which are based on achievement, allow movement and interaction between layers and classes. Different systems reflect, emphasize, and foster certain cultural values, and shape individual beliefs.
This difference in stratification systems can be examined by the comparison between class essays on gender stratification and caste systems. Caste systems are closed stratification systems in which people can do little or nothing to change their social standing. A caste system is one in which people are born into their social standing and remain in it their whole lives.
It is based on fixed or rigid status distinctions, rather than economic classes per se. People are assigned roles regardless of their talents, interests, or potential. Marriage is endogamousmeaning that marriage between castes is forbidden.
Instead the relationship between castes is bound by institutionalized rules and highly ritualistic procedures come into play when people from different castes come into contact. An exogamous marriage is a union of people from different social categories. The feudal systems of Europe and Japan can in some ways be seen as caste systems in that the statuses of positions in the social stratifications systems were fixed, and there was little or no opportunity for movement through marriage or economic essays on gender stratification. In Europe, the estate system divided the population into clergy first estatenobility second estateand commoners, including artisans, merchants, and peasants third estate.
In early European feudalism, it was still possible for a peasant or a warrior to achieve a high position in the clergy or nobility, but later the divisions became more rigid. In Japan, between andthe mibunsei system divided society into five rigid strata in which social standing was inherited. At the top were the emperor, court nobles kugeshogun, and daimyo. Beneath them were four classes or castes: the samurai militarypeasants, craftsmen, and merchants.
The merchants were considered the lowest class because they did not produce anything with their own hands. There was also an outcast or untouchable caste known as the burakumin, who were considered impure or defiled because of their association with death executioners, undertakers, slaughterhouse workers, tanners, and butchers Kerbo However, the caste system is probably best typified by the system of stratification that existed in India from 4, years ago until the 20th century.
In the Hindu caste tradition, people were also expected to work in the occupation of their caste and to enter into marriage according to their caste. Essays on gender stratification there were four castes: Brahmans priestsKsyatriyas militaryVaishyas merchantsand Shudras artisans, farmers. Accepting this social standing was considered a moral duty. Cultural values and economic restrictions reinforced the system.
Caste systems promote beliefs in fate, destiny, and the will of a higher power, rather than promoting individual freedom as a value.
A person who lived in a caste society was socialized to accept his or her social standing. Although the caste system in India has been officially dismantled, its residual presence in Indian society is deeply embedded. In rural areas, aspects of the tradition are more likely to remain, while urban centres show less evidence of this past.
As a global centre of employment, corporations have introduced merit-based hiring and employment to the nation. A class system is based on both social factors and individual achievement. It is at least a partially open system. A class consists of a set of people who have the same relationship to the means of production or productive property, that is, to the things used to produce the goods and services needed for survival: tools, technologies, essays on gender stratification, resources, land, workplaces, etc.
Those who do not survive on the basis of their labour. Marx argued that class systems originated in early Neolithic horticultural societies when horticultural technologies increased yields to economic surpluses. The first class divisions developed between those who owned and controlled the agricultural land and surplus production and those who were dispossessed of ownership and control i.
Gender Stratification Essay - A9AYTZ2PGZ
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Free Essays Fetched to You. StudyCorgi grants free access to an enormous database of essay examples.. These samples are intended for high school, college, and university students. Check them out to kickstart your own ideas and improve your writing Sociologists focus on the social stratification of groups." So-ciological perspectives on the social structures and forces causing group-based inequalities can help us understand how the legal Harold R. Kerbo, Social Stratification and Inequality: Class Conflict in Historical and Comparative Perspective (WCB/McGraw Hill 3d ed ) Aug 18, · This edited volume should be required for all sociology graduate students. Macro-level mechanisms (economics, organization, politics, and culture), shape gender stratification and our perception of gender inequality. All essays show how macro-level mechanisms and individual outcomes are linked and need to be considered jointly
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